Isi idasanzwe izwi nka "vitamine" yinganda zigezweho, kandi ifite agaciro gakomeye mubikorwa byubwenge, inganda nshya, ingufu za gisirikare, ikirere, ubuvuzi, ninganda zose zigenda zitera imbere.
Igisekuru cya gatatu cyisi idasanzwe ya magneti NdFeB nisumaku ikomeye ihoraho mumaseti ya none, azwi nk "umwami uhoraho". Magnet ya NdFeB ni kimwe mu bikoresho bikomeye bya magnetiki biboneka ku isi, kandi imiterere ya magneti iruta inshuro 10 ugereranije na ferrite yakoreshejwe mbere, kandi ikubye hafi inshuro 1 ugereranije n’igisekuru cya mbere n’icya kabiri cy’ibinyabuzima bidasanzwe (samarium cobalt ihoraho) . Ikoresha "icyuma" kugirango isimbuze "cobalt" nkibikoresho fatizo, igabanya gushingira ku bikoresho bidafatika, kandi igiciro cyaragabanutse cyane, bituma ikoreshwa ryinshi ryisi ridasanzwe rihoraho rishoboka. Magnet ya NdFeB nigikoresho cyiza cyo gukora ibikoresho bikora neza, bigizwe na miniaturizasi kandi yoroheje ya magnetiki ikora, bizagira ingaruka zimpinduramatwara mubikorwa byinshi.
Bitewe n'ibyiza by'ubutaka budasanzwe bw'Ubushinwa, Ubushinwa bwabaye igihugu kinini ku isi mu gutanga ibikoresho bya magnetiki NdFeB, bingana na 85% by'umusaruro ukomoka ku isi, reka rero dusuzume aho ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bya magneti NdFeB.
Porogaramu ya NdFeB
1.Imodoka ya orotodogisi
Ikoreshwa rya magnetiki NdFeB ikora cyane mumodoka gakondo yibanda cyane mubijyanye na EPS na micromotors. Imiyoboro ya elegitoroniki ya EPS irashobora gutanga ingufu za moteri kumuvuduko utandukanye, ikemeza ko imodoka yoroshye kandi yoroheje mugihe igenda kumuvuduko muke, kandi ihamye kandi yizewe mugihe iyobora umuvuduko mwinshi. EPS ifite byinshi isabwa kumikorere, uburemere nubunini bwa moteri ihoraho ya magneti, kubera ko ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho muri EPS ahanini bigizwe na magnetiki NdFeB ikora cyane, cyane cyane NdFeB. Usibye gutangira itangira moteri kumodoka, moteri zisigaye zitangwa ahantu hatandukanye kumodoka ni micromotors. MagnF ya NdFeB yamashanyarazi ahoraho ifite imikorere myiza, ikoreshwa mugukora moteri ifite ibyiza byubunini buto, uburemere bworoshye, gukora neza no kuzigama ingufu, micromotor yimodoka yabanje gusa nka wiper, scrubber yumuyaga, pompe yamavuta yamashanyarazi, antenne yikora nibindi bikoresho imbaraga zo guteranya inkomoko, umubare ni muto. Imodoka yiki gihe ikurikirana ihumure no kuyobora byikora, kandi moteri nto zahindutse igice cyingenzi cyimodoka zigezweho. Moteri ya Skylight, moteri ihindura intebe, moteri yumukandara, moteri ya antenne yamashanyarazi, moteri isukura baffle, moteri yumuyaga ukonje, moteri yumuyaga, pompe yamazi yamashanyarazi, nibindi byose bigomba gukoresha micromotor. Dukurikije ibigereranyo by’inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga, buri modoka nziza igomba kuba ifite moteri 100, byibura imodoka 60 zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, n’imodoka byibura 20 z’ubukungu.
2.Imodoka nshya yingufu
Magnet ya NdFeB ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho nikimwe mubikoresho byingenzi byimodoka nshya zingufu. Ibikoresho bya NdFeB bifite imikorere myiza kandi bikoreshwa mugukora moteri, ishobora kumenya "Magnets ya NdFeB" ya moteri yimodoka. Mu modoka, hamwe na moteri ntoya gusa, irashobora kugabanya uburemere bwimodoka, kunoza umutekano, kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya, no kunoza imikorere rusange yimodoka. Gukoresha magnetiki ya NdFeB ibikoresho bya magnetiki ku binyabiziga bishya ni binini, kandi buri kinyabiziga kivanze (HEV) gikoresha magneti agera kuri 1KG ya NdFeB kurusha ibinyabiziga gakondo; Mu binyabiziga bifite amashanyarazi meza (EV), moteri idasanzwe yisi ya moteri aho gukoresha generator gakondo ikoresha hafi ya 2KG NdFeB.
3.AIkirere
Ntibisanzwe moteri ya rukuruzi ihoraho ikoreshwa cyane cyane mumashanyarazi atandukanye yindege. Sisitemu ya feri yamashanyarazi ni sisitemu yo gutwara moteri ifite amashanyarazi nka feri yayo. Ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yo kugenzura indege, sisitemu yo kugenzura ibidukikije, sisitemu yo gufata feri, lisansi na sisitemu yo gutangira. Kuberako isi idasanzwe ya magneti ihoraho ifite ibintu byiza bya magneti, imbaraga zikomeye zihoraho zishobora gushirwaho nta mbaraga zinyongera nyuma ya magnetisiyasi. Isi idasanzwe ya moteri ya magneti ihoraho ikorwa mugusimbuza umurima wamashanyarazi ya moteri gakondo ntabwo ikora neza, ariko kandi yoroshye muburyo, yizewe mubikorwa, ntoya mubunini n'umucyo muburemere. Ntishobora kugera gusa kumikorere yo hejuru moteri ya moteri ishimishije idashobora kugeraho (nka ultra-high efficient, ultra-high umuvuduko, ultra-high reaction yihuta), ariko kandi irashobora gukora moteri idasanzwe kugirango ihuze imikorere yihariye ibisabwa.
4.Ibindi bice byo gutwara abantu (gariyamoshi yihuta, gari ya moshi, gari ya moshi, tram)
Muri 2015, igeragezwa ry’Ubushinwa "rihoraho rya rukuruzi yihuta ya gari ya moshi" ryagenze neza, ikoreshwa rya sisitemu idasanzwe yo gukwega isi ihoraho, bitewe na moteri ihoraho ya moteri ya moteri ishimishije, ifite imbaraga nyinshi zo guhindura ingufu, umuvuduko uhamye, urusaku ruto, nto ingano, uburemere bworoshye, kwizerwa nibindi byinshi biranga, kuburyo gari ya moshi yambere yimodoka 8, kuva mumodoka 6 kugeza kumodoka 4 zifite ingufu. Gutyo rero kuzigama sisitemu yo gukurura ibiciro byimodoka 2, kuzamura imikorere ya gari ya moshi, kuzigama byibuze 10% byamashanyarazi, no kugabanya ibiciro byubuzima bwa gari ya moshi.
Nyuma yaNdFeBmoteri idasanzwe yisi ihora ikurura moteri ikoreshwa muri metero, urusaku rwa sisitemu ruri hasi cyane ugereranije na moteri idafite imbaraga iyo ikora ku muvuduko muke. Imashini ikora ya magneti ihoraho ikoresha imiterere mishya ya moteri ifunze ihumeka, ishobora kwemeza neza ko sisitemu yo gukonjesha imbere ya moteri isukuye kandi ifite isuku, ikuraho ikibazo cyo guhagarika akayunguruzo katewe na coil yagaragaye ya moteri ikurura asinchronous kera, no gukora imikoreshereze itekanye kandi yizewe hamwe no kubungabunga bike.
5.ingufu z'umuyaga
Mu rwego rwingufu zumuyaga, imikorere-yo hejuruNdFeBikoreshwa cyane cyane muri disikuru itaziguye, igice cya kabiri cyihuta kandi cyihuta cyane cyumuyaga uhoraho, gifata icyuma gifata ibyuma kugirango kizunguruke mu buryo butaziguye, kirangwa no gushimishwa na magneti ahoraho, nta guhindagurika kwinshi, kandi nta mpeta yo gukusanya no gukaraba kuri rotor . Kubwibyo, ifite imiterere yoroshye nigikorwa cyizewe. Gukoresha imikorere-yo hejuruNdFeBigabanya uburemere bwa turbine yumuyaga kandi ikora neza. Kuri ubu, ikoreshwa ryaNdFeBIgice cya megawatt 1 ni toni 1, hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryinganda zingufu zumuyaga, gukoreshaNdFeBmuri turbine z'umuyaga nazo ziziyongera vuba.
6.ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki
a.terefone igendanwa
Imikorere-yo hejuruNdFeBni ibikoresho byingenzi byo murwego rwohejuru muri terefone zifite ubwenge. Igice cya electroacoustic ya terefone yubwenge (mikoro mikoro, disikuru ya mikoro, na Headet ya Bluetooth, na hi-fi stereo ya gareti), moteri yinyeganyeza, kamera yibanda ndetse na sensor ya porogaramu, kwishyuza bidasubirwaho nibindi bikorwa bigomba gukoresha imbaraga zikomeye za magneti zirangaNdFeB.
b.VCM
Moteri yijwi (VCM) nuburyo bwihariye bwa moteri itwara ibinyabiziga, ishobora guhindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi imbaraga zingirakamaro. Ihame nugushira uruziga rwa barrale ihindagurika mukirere kimwe cya magnetiki yumwanya umwe, kandi guhinduranya imbaraga kugirango bibyare ingufu za electromagnetic imbaraga zo gutwara umutwaro kumurongo ugaruka, kandi uhindure imbaraga na polarite yumuyaga, kugirango ubunini n'icyerekezo cy'ingufu za electromagnetic irashobora guhinduka.VCM ifite ibyiza byo gusubiza cyane, umuvuduko mwinshi, kwihuta cyane, imiterere yoroshye, ingano nto, imbaraga nziza ziranga, kugenzura, nibindi VCM muri disiki ikomeye (HDD) ahanini nka umutwe wa disiki kugirango utange urujya n'uruza, nibintu byingenzi bigize HDD.
c.impinduka zikoreshwa mu kirere
Impinduka zumuyaga uhindagurika ni ugukoresha micro-igenzura kugirango compressor ikora inshuro zishobora guhinduka murwego runaka, muguhindura inshuro yumubyigano winjiza kugirango ugenzure umuvuduko wa moteri, bigatuma compressor ihindura imiyoboro ya gaze kuri hindura urujya n'uruza rwa firigo, kugirango ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha cyangwa ubushobozi bwo gushyushya ibyuma bifata ibyuma bihindura ikirere kugirango ugere ku ntego yo guhindura ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije. Kubwibyo, ugereranije nubushyuhe bwo guhumeka neza, guhinduranya ikirere guhumeka bifite ibyiza byo gukora neza, kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije. Kuberako magnetisme ya magnet ya NdFeB iruta ferrite, imbaraga zayo zo kuzigama no kurengera ibidukikije nibyiza, kandi birakwiriye cyane gukoreshwa muri compressor yumuyaga uhinduranya ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikonjesha, kandi buri cyuma gihindura imashini ikoresha hafi ya 0.2 kg ya NdFeB ibikoresho.
d.Ubwenge bwa gihanga
Ubwenge bwubukorikori nubukorikori bwubwenge bwarushijeho kwitabwaho, robot zifite ubwenge zahindutse ikoranabuhanga ryibanze ryivugurura ryabantu kwisi, kandi moteri itwara nikintu nyamukuru cyimashini. Imbere muri sisitemu yo gutwara, micro-NdFeBbari hose. Ukurikije amakuru namakuru yerekana ko moteri ya robot iriho moteri ihoraho ya magnet servo moteri naNdFeBmoteri ihoraho ya moteri niyo nyamukuru, moteri ya servo, umugenzuzi, sensor na kugabanya nibintu byingenzi bigize sisitemu yo kugenzura robot nibicuruzwa byikora. Ihuriro ryimashini ya robo igerwaho mugutwara moteri, isaba imbaraga nini cyane nimbaraga zingana na inertia, itangizwa ryinshi, itangira inertia kandi ryoroshye kandi ryagutse ryihuta. By'umwihariko, actuator (gripper) kumpera ya robo igomba kuba nto kandi yoroheje bishoboka. Iyo igisubizo cyihuse gisabwa, moteri yo gutwara nayo igomba kuba ifite ubushobozi bunini bwigihe gito; Kwizerwa kwinshi no gushikama nikintu gisabwa kugirango rusange ikoreshwe muri moteri yimashini muri robo yinganda, bityo isi idasanzwe moteri ya magneti ihoraho niyo ikwiye cyane.
7.inganda z'ubuvuzi
Mu bijyanye n'ubuvuzi, kugaragara kwaNdFeByazamuye iterambere na miniaturisation ya magnetic resonance imaging MRI. Imashini ihoraho RMI-CT ibikoresho byerekana amashusho bikoreshwa mugukoresha ferrite ihoraho, uburemere bwa magneti bugera kuri toni 50, gukoreshaNdFeBibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho, buri kirimbuzi cya magnetiki resonance imager ikenera gusa toni 0,5 kugeza kuri toni 3 za rukuruzi zihoraho, ariko imbaraga za magnetique zirashobora gukuba kabiri, bikazamura cyane ishusho neza, kandiNdFeBibikoresho bya magnet bihoraho bifite ahantu hake, byibuze flux yamenetse. Igiciro gito cyo gukora nibindi byiza.
NdFeBirimo kuba inkunga yibanze yinganda nyinshi zateye imbere hamwe nimbaraga zayo zikomeye kandi zikoreshwa cyane. Twumva akamaro kayo, nuko dukora ibishoboka byose kugirango twubake sisitemu yiterambere. Hangzhou Magnet Power Technology Co., Ltd yageze ku ntera nziza kandi itanga umusaruro uhamye waNdFeB, yaba N56 ikurikirana, 50SH, cyangwa 45UH, 38AH, turashobora guha abakiriya ibintu bihoraho kandi byizewe. Ibicuruzwa byacu byibanze byifashisha ibikoresho byikora byikoranabuhanga hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga neza ubwenge kugirango tumenye neza kandi neza imikorere yumusaruro. Sisitemu yo gupima ubuziranenge, ntucikwe na kimwe, kugirango urebe ko buri gice cyaNdFeBbujuje ibipimo bihanitse, kugirango tubashe guhuza ibyifuzo bitandukanye byabakiriya batandukanye. Byaba ari itegeko rinini cyangwa icyifuzo cyihariye, turashobora gusubiza vuba kandi tugatanga mugihe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-29-2024
