Ni bangahe uzi kuri magnet ya NdFeB?

Ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho cyane cyane birimo AlNiCo (AlNiCo) sisitemu yicyuma gihoraho, igisekuru cya mbere SmCo5 rukuruzi ihoraho (bita 1: 5 samarium cobalt alloy), igisekuru cya kabiri Sm2Co17 (bita 2:17 samarium cobalt alloy) rukuruzi ihoraho, igisekuru cya gatatu kidasanzwe isi ihoraho ya magnet alloy NdFeB (yitwa NdFeB alloy). Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi nikoranabuhanga, imikorere ya NdFeB yamashanyarazi ihoraho yaratejwe imbere kandi umurima wo gusaba waguwe. NdFeB yacumuye hamwe ningufu zikomeye za magneti (50 MGA ≈ 400kJ / m3), imbaraga nyinshi (28EH, 32EH) nubushyuhe bwo hejuru (240C) byakozwe mu nganda. Ibikoresho nyamukuru bya magneti ya NdFeB ihoraho ni ibyuma bidasanzwe byubutaka Nd (Nd) 32%, icyuma Fe (Fe) 64% nibintu bitari ibyuma B (B) 1% (umubare muto wa dysprosium (Dy), terbium ( Tb), cobalt (Co), niobium (Nb), gallium (Ga), aluminium (Al), umuringa (Cu) nibindi bintu). Sisitemu ya NdFeB ternary sisitemu ihoraho ya magnet ishingiye kubintu bya Nd2Fe14B, kandi ibiyigize bigomba kuba bisa nimbuto ya Nd2Fe14B. Nyamara, ibintu bya magnetiki biranga magneti biri hasi cyane cyangwa se bitari magnetiki mugihe igipimo cya Nd2Fe14B cyatanzwe rwose. Gusa iyo ibikubiye muri neodymium na boron muri magnet nyirizina birenze ibirenze neodymium na boron mu kigo cya Nd2Fe14B, birashobora kubona umutungo wa magneti uhoraho.

Gucumura: Ibigize (formula) → gushonga → gukora ifu → gukanda (gukora icyerekezo) → gucumura no gusaza inspection kugenzura imitungo ya magnetiki → gutunganya imashini → gutunganya ibishushanyo mbonera (electroplating) → kugenzura ibicuruzwa byarangiye
Guhambira: ibikoresho fatizo size ingano yubunini → kuvanga na binder → gushushanya (compression, extrusion, inshinge) treatment kuvura umuriro (compression) → gusubiramo → kugenzura ibicuruzwa byarangiye

Hano haribintu bitatu byingenzi: remanence Br (Induction isigaye), igice cya Gauss, nyuma yumurima wa magneti ukuwe mubintu byuzuye, ubucucike bwa magnetiki busigaye, bugereranya imbaraga za rukuruzi zo hanze za rukuruzi; imbaraga zagahato Hc (Imbaraga zagahato), igice cya Oersteds, nugushira magneti mumwanya wa magneti ukoreshwa, mugihe umurima wa magneti ukoreshwa wiyongereye kugera kumbaraga runaka, ubwinshi bwa rukuruzi ya magneti bizaba hejuru. Iyo imbaraga za rukuruzi zikoreshwa ziyongereye ku mbaraga runaka, magnetisme ya rukuruzi izashira, ubushobozi bwo kurwanya umurima wa rukuruzi bwitwa ingufu za Coercive Force, bugereranya igipimo cyo kurwanya demagnetisation; Imbaraga za rukuruzi BHmax, igice cya Gauss-Oersteds, ningufu za magnetique yumurima zitangwa kuri buri gice cyibikoresho, ni ubwinshi bwumubiri bwingufu za rukuruzi zishobora kubika.

Kugeza ubu, ibice byingenzi bikoreshwa ni: moteri ya magneti ihoraho, generator, MRI, itandukanya magneti, amajwi yerekana amajwi, sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza magnetiki, gukwirakwiza magnetiki, guterura magneti, ibikoresho, ibikoresho bya magneti, ibikoresho byo kuvura magnetiki, nibindi byahindutse ibikoresho byingirakamaro kubikorwa byimodoka, imashini rusange, inganda za peteroli, inganda zamakuru ya elegitoronike nikoranabuhanga rigezweho.

NdFeB nigikoresho gikomeye cya magneti gihoraho kwisi, ibicuruzwa byingufu za magneti biruta inshuro icumi ugereranije na ferrite ikoreshwa cyane, kandi bikubye hafi kabiri ibisekuru bya mbere nubwa kabiri bya magneti yisi idasanzwe (SmCo ihoraho), izwi nka “umwami wa rukuruzi ihoraho”. Mugusimbuza ibindi bikoresho bya magneti bihoraho, ingano nuburemere bwigikoresho birashobora kugabanuka cyane. Bitewe nubutunzi bwinshi bwa neodymium, ugereranije na samariyumu-cobalt ihoraho, cobalt ihenze isimburwa nicyuma, bigatuma ibicuruzwa bihendutse neza.